Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Marketing information to run business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Marketing information to run business - Essay Example Rufedge also needs marketing research. â€Å"Market research is the process of systematically gathering, recording and analyzing data and information about customers, competitors and the market. Its uses include to help create a business plan, launch a new product or service, fine tune existing products and services, and expand into new markets†(Wikipedia 2008). Task 2Livlong needs to be advised how an understanding of market segmentation might help him improve his business prospects. The purpose of this task is to write a report advising Livlong of this concept through discussing the appropriate segmentation criteria and provide an example of how they might be used in the health food market.â€Å"A market segment is a subgroup of people or organizations sharing one or more characteristics that cause them to have similar product needs. Market segmentation is the process in marketing of dividing a market into distinct subsets (segments) that behave in the same way or have similar needs. Because each segment is fairly homogeneous in their needs and attitudes, they are likely to respond similarly to a given marketing strategy. That is, they are likely to have similar feelings and ideas about a marketing mix comprised of a given product or service, sold at a given price, distributed in a certain way and promoted in a certain way†(Wikipedia 2008).Health food stores tend to cater to a vastly different segment than do traditional stores. For example, look at Whole Foods Market compared to Albertson’s. ... Market segmentation is the process in marketing of dividing a market into distinct subsets (segments) that behave in the same way or have similar needs. Because each segment is fairly homogeneous in their needs and attitudes, they are likely to respond similarly to a given marketing strategy. That is, they are likely to have similar feelings and ideas about a marketing mix comprised of a given product or service, sold at a given price, distributed in a certain way and promoted in a certain way" (Wikipedia 2008). Health food stores tend to cater to a vastly different segment than do traditional stores. For example, look at Whole Foods Market compared to Albertson's. Albertson's sells popular items of various content, while Whole Foods looks to sell only organic and healthy foods. Therefore, the type of person who would seek out Whole Foods would more likely be health-conscious and could even be a vegetarian or dieter. Task 3 Livlong claims that many of the managers in the company are ignorant of issues concerning consumer behavior. He believes this problem could be solved it managers could become more customer-oriented, which would result in increased sales. The purpose of this task is to consider a potential seminar for the management team entitled 'Understanding consumer behavior-how it can increase our sales' and discuss how it can increase sales, provide details of the issues to be presented, and provide practical examples that could illustrate the talk. "Consumer behavior is the study of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy. It blends elements from psychology, sociology, sociopsychology, anthropology and economics. It attempts to understand the buyer decision making process, both individually and in groups. It
Monday, October 28, 2019
Strategy. The modern world-system Essay Example for Free
Strategy. The modern world-system Essay Strategy Introduction            A strategy is a carefully developed method or plan for the purpose of achieving a particular objective over a period of time. Therefore, in simple terms, a strategy is a plan. Strategies are always made prior to the action for which they are intended. In addition, they are developed in a conscious manner and with a definite purpose in mind. A strategy is meant for implementation in most cases. However, sometimes, a strategy may be intended to be a ploy. A strategy that is intended for implementationrequires proper evaluation with regard to the anticipated benefits. On the other hand, a ploy is a strategy that is only meant to scare the opponent away. Strategy is the only way out in the face of a struggle or a conflict between individuals or groups. The reason of developing a strategy is to make the strategizing group gain an advantage over the opponent and therefore emerge as the winner from the struggle. Knowledge of strategy is thus important. It helps us know how to get out of a struggle victoriously. This essay seeks to highlight the role of strategy in our existence.            There are two forms of strategy. First, there is a strategy that is developed deliberately. Secondly, there is a strategy that emerges on its own from the environment. Let us look at the deliberate strategy first. This is developing a strategy with a clear aim in mind. This is where an individual or a group sits down and deliberates on the core issues that are of concern. Decisions are made carefully and all those involved agree on the common plan of action. The plan is rationally analyzed and its benefits weighed against the background of the intended action. Arrangements are made to enhance realization of the plan. The time frame is set. Necessary resources are put in place on time. All those who will be involved in the implementation of the plan are informed in advance. This kind of a strategy is suitable for instance when a business enterprise is intending to expand its territory and spread in other regions. In this instance, the manag ement is responsible for the when that expansion should happen, how it should happen, and who will be involved. The time to develop such a strategy is usually long enough to measure any risks involved. On the other hand, an emergent strategy is a strategy that did not have prior intentions. It is characterized by a pattern of actions that were not established as a plan but seems to work out as a set out plan. The actions are performed as a normal routine. There are no defined aspects like those in the deliberate strategy development such as setting aside resources for that purpose or when they will be realized.            There are many reasons that may force an organization to develop new strategies. The most important one is competition from the organizations that are doing operations in the same way. An organization, for instance an industrial enterprise, will look into ways to defeat its competitors. Another reason that may prompt a change in plan is increased demand for the products or services provided by the organization. The organization will strive to make sure that it increases its productivity to meet the consumer needs fully. In addition, a need to create more branches of the organization may necessitate developing a strategy that is suitable. This will ensure that the managers of the organization become aware of the possible benefits and losses to anticipate should they embark on such expansion of the organization. Furthermore, an organization will be forced to go back to the drawing board to make new plans in the event of technological changes . This is because failure to plan and implement any necessary changes may impact the operations of the organization negatively. In the case of a business enterprise, the emergence of a new product in the market would certainly trigger development of a new strategy. This would entail how to acquire the new product in its stock and how to market it. Even employees in an organization have to make new plans on how to cope in the organization in case there are changes in the organization that affect them. In a nutshell, the concept of strategy is indispensable as long as the environment of the organization is dynamic.            In history, there many instances where developing a strategy was the only option for organizations to cope with the changing environment. A classic example of a struggle is one that happened in 1968 in Detroit as illustrated by Georgakas Surkin (1998). The struggle was between the blacks and the whites. Many blacks had been employed in the auto industries including Chrysler Corporation. As workers, the blacks were exploited extensively. They were assigned the hardest works. In addition, they were overworked so much. They were made to work overtime through into the night and even on Saturdays. Sometimes, they were even made to work on Sundays. These workers did not have a proper channel to air out their complaints. They could not even tell the supervisors. The only thing they did was to write letters to the management and waited to see whether their complaints would be addressed. They rarely were. Many organizations were set up to look into the welfare of the workers. An example is United Automobile Workers (UAW). Unfortunately, the majority of the officials in the organizations were whites. Therefore, they did nothing to alleviate the plight of the blacks. DRUM is an organization that came up with an aim to end racial discrimination against the blacks. The DRUM officials called for meetings that were attended by black workers in huge numbers. A strike was called for by the DRUM officials. Then, DRUM members presented their demands to the UAW officials. Later, they continued with the strike and went to present their demands to the Chrysler Corporation. Their strategy bore fruit because the UAW listened to their demands decided to help them. The success of the organization was that it made workers in the auto industries know their rights and fight for them without fear of intimidation. Revolutionary groups were created even by students in Universities, both the whites and the blacks.            Another illustration of how strategy can help a group of people achieve their goals is how modern colonialism in the management is advanced. Had the colonialist not used tactics to colonize other nations, they would have faced resistance at the outset. Schwartz (2000) gives an account of the strategy that has been used by management to colonize the minds of the employees. The first thing that the colonists did was to establish an indirect rule. They targeted chiefs because they knew that the chiefs were part of the administrativemachinery. However, they realized that the chiefs had no control over the armed forces, taxation, and allocation of land or even appointing of new chiefs. However, they developed a strategy to employ the existing institutions of the country they wanted to colonize. They molded these institutions by means of creating laws and imposing taxes under the guidance of local administrative officers. They did this under the pretext of development. This was nevertheless a way of imposing an indirect rule. In the same way managers influence the minds of the employees in order for them to work harder. They are tricked to think that they are in control by changing words. For example, when employees are told to own the company, it is meant to refer to psychological ownership. Therefore, if the word â€Å"ownership†is used in this short form, it makes employees feel responsible for everything that happens in the company as if they were the real owners of the company. This is a good strategy used by the management. Historically, use of the word â€Å"development management†instead of â€Å"development administrative†enabled colonialists to establish their colonial administration.            Industrial enterprise also gives us another instance where strategy plays a significant role. Chandler (2003) notes that historically, industrial administrators rarely change their focus in their administrative work unless forced to do so by pressure from both the internal and the external environment. This was especially true with the American businesses which were the main focus of the study by Chandler (2003). The study revealed that most of the industrial enterprises had developed a strategy to decentralize all their operations. This has been achieved through setting up of multi-divisional structures that were independent from each other and from the central firm. Each division was accorded its own necessary personnel, funds, necessary facilities and other resources. Since each division is supposed to operate independently, it is mandated to view its problems as unique and its solutions should be genuine. They should not imitate each o ther. The executives in charge of each division were fully in charge of all the operations taking place there including the line of products or services offered and the financial reports. The reasons for the decentralization according to Chandler (2003) are worth mentioning. First, there was a need to expand the volume of activities. It was also important to set new plants and offices in different places tocater for the needs of the consumers. In addition, it was important to diversify in many lines of the business. Moreover, it was a strategy to overcome the negative impact of the changing economic atmosphere. With a diversified business which is also expanded, the administrators of such enterprises felt fully insulated against the bad economic state. Furthermore, it was a strategy to survive in the world of business competition.            Another illustration of success through the use of the principle of strategy is what happened to the concept of sovereigntysoon after the French Revolution. Initially, monarchs had defined the sovereignty in their own terms to suit their interests (Wallerstein, 2004). They referred to other people as subjects. Through struggle, the concept of sovereignty was focused on the people instead of the monarchs. Once the idea that the people were sovereign was accepted, the term â€Å"citizens†came into use. This term simply meant that all the people were equal and were subject to the same treatment. In addition, all were entitled to participate in decision making with regard to matters that concerned the state. In this respect, each person was recognized as important. However, for this recognition to happen there was an intense struggle between the state leadership and the movements created by the people. The state authority thought that they could suppress these movements. However, this was not to be. Strong movements came up that resisted the authority. One movement that is worth mentioning is the liberal movement. The liberals managed to solve the problem of class in the society. Their strategy was to promote education such that the educated were eligible to be promoted to full citizen’s rights. According to liberalism, those who had acquired higher education could be eligible in the leadership positions.            In conclusion, strategy is a principle that cannot be ignored in any struggle. As we have already seen, in a struggle, two or more parties are involved. They all employ different strategies against each other in order to take an advantage over each other. In the struggle, they employ the principle of the â€Å"survival for the fittest†. In order to demonstrate the strength to survive, each group will come up with varied plans that are aimed at giving it an edge over others. We have seen how employees in the automobile industry in Detroit managed to overcome the oppressions directed to them by the whites through strikes and demonstrations led by DRUM officials. We have also discussed how managers have invented methods of colonizing the minds of the employees in order to make them work effectively. They do this by the use of words that have an impact on the mind of the employee such as â€Å"ownership†instead of â€Å"psychol ogical ownership†. Moreover, we have seen how industrial enterprises in America have used the strategy of decentralization of their operations. This has greatly strengthened these enterprises. Liberal movement was able to solve the problem of social class in the society by use of the strategy of education. It is therefore clear that in such a dynamic world that is characterized with changes and struggles, the principle of strategy is indispensable. References Wallerstein, I. (2004). World-systems Analysis: An Introduction. New York: Duke University Press. Chandler, A. (2003). Strategy and structure. Washington, D.C.: Beard Books. Wallerstein, I. (2011). The modern world-system. Berkeley: University of California Press. Georgakas, D. and Surkin, M. (1998). Detroit, I do mind dying. Cambridge, Mass.: South End Press. Schwartz, H. (2000). States versus markets. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave. Source document
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Interpersonal Conflict Essay -- essays research papers fc
Interpersonal Project      My friends and I play poker on a regular basis. One of my friends, let’s call him Tim, constantly plays bad hands and often catches lucky breaks. Tim and I have been friends since middle school, but one night we got into a very big argument which almost became physical.      In one particular hand, Tim made what was in my opinion a horribly bad call. Ask most poker players and they will tell you that they would have folded in this situation. Nonetheless, he got incredibly lucky and ended up knocking me out of the tournament. Having lost my money, I was extremely upset and I very angrily asked him why he called my raises. He gave a weak shrug, a half-smirk, and said something along the lines of â€Å"I thought I had you beat.†To me this came off as very sarcastic, and I took it offensively and started shouting at him. We exchanged verbal blows and the argument was fast becoming physical before our friends restrained us.      In this conflict, there was a great deal of missteps in communication, or â€Å"the process of creating and sharing meaning through the use of symbols†(Dobkin and Pace, 7), by both Tim and I, and the whole ordeal could have easily been avoided if either of us had used slightly better judgment. To begin with, I was the initiator, or â€Å"one who begins or advances the communication process by generating a message†(12), of communication and had I not said anything in the first place, this conflict would be nonexistent. Had I simply walked away and â€Å"cooled off†before speaking to Tim, I would have not been so offensive and the conversation would not have escalated to such dramatic extremes.      I also made a few errors as an interpreter, or â€Å"one who perceives and attempts to understand a message†(12). I may have misinterpreted Tim’s nonverbal communication, or â€Å"messages expressed through symbols other than words†(14). I registered his smirk and the inflection in his voice as symbols, or â€Å"words, images, gestures, and expressions that we use to represent our thoughts†(9), of sarcasm and arrogance. This infuriated me, but I may have exaggerated his actions. The smirk may have just been a suppressed smile because he was happy to have gotten so lucky, and it is possible that I just imagined that sarcasm in his voice. Had I... ..., I wouldn’t have been so offensive in my reaction. Also, once I starting verbally assaulting Tim, he was very quick to do the same to me, which isn’t the best way to avoid a fight. Even though I was mostly at fault for this dispute, Tim could have done a few things differently to avoid this quarrel as well.      Major conflicts can arise from any situation, even over a simple hand of poker. Tim and I didn’t make the best decisions in our communication process, and we ended up at each other’s throats. Be that as it may, we eventually apologized to each other, and are still good friends. We still play poker together, although now we are a little more courteous if we win or lose a hand to each other. Even so, we should have used better judgment in this situation. There were a great deal of things each of us could have done in order to avoid this outburst of aggression, and yet we let our anger spill out and we ended up with the worst-case scenario. Works Cited Dobkins, Bethami A., and Roger C. Pace. Communication in a Changing World. New           York: McGraw Hill, 2003.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Canadian Trade Balance Analysis :: essays research papers
Canada      The Canadian economy and the United States economy tend to move together because of the amount of transactions that take place within the two nations due to their geographical proximity. With the United States recently experiencing a downturn in the economy, analysts estimate that the Canadian economy will not be far behind. However, in the past 10 years the Canadian economy and especially the trade balance have been very healthy. Current Account      Since 1992, Canada has increased their amount of exports of goods year-in and year-out until slight downfalls in 2001 and 2002. However, between 1992 and 2000 they raised exports from $135 billion to $289 billion, an increase of 114%. Imports of goods also rose consistently over that nine year period from $128 billion to $244 billion. The key fact there though is that imports rose only 90% compared to a rise in exports of 114%. This has allowed Canada to maintain a very healthy trade balance, which has also risen consistently except for a few decreases in 1997, 1998, and 2002. They have not run a trade balance deficit on goods once since 1992.      Canada’s trade balance for services is similar to their trade balance for goods from a growth perspective, but with fewer breakdowns. Both exports and imports of services took very small hits in 2001. Overall, between 1992 and 2003 exports and imports of services rose 105% and 65% respectively. However with services the Canadian economy continually ran a deficit over this 12 year period.      Canada’s overall balance of goods and services also rose every year except for 1997, 1998, and 2002. They initially were running an overall deficit in 1992 and 1993 from a larger deficit in services than surplus in goods. The most common trend that is evident is that every trade category dropped in 2001 and/or 2002. There were no real substantial drops and the declines were quickly met with increases in the following years. It is likely that Canada’s economy felt at least some of the effects of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 because they are such a large trading partner of the United States.      The statistics indicate that Canada has primarily been an investor abroad, with substantial amounts of cash flows leaving the country. Again, both of these accounts grew almost every year. Between 1992 and 1997, funds received dropped only once in 1993. Likewise, funds invested abroad dropped only once within this time interval in 1996.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Why i picked up a gun
â€Å"Bad stress, good stress†In about 150 words The story is about stress. Stress has become a common word In the dally parlance, and that's makes the present people to think they have stress Just by going to the mall or to have a hard day at work. But In the past you got stress by going to war or by pushing yourself to get through the day. We hear about that the Government In 2004 announced that stress has cost the UK economy El 3. 5 billion, because of lost productivity and illness at work.Then we also hear about Dry Bond who means that people often says they are stressed, when the actually just are afraid of feeling afraid. But the good news is that it is possible to teach people to handle stress more effectively than it has been and the technique which comes from Clare Harris, a lecturer from the Praxis Centre for Developing Personal Effectiveness, can be adopted across the world. Give an outline for the various stress-related problems presented in the four texts. Test 1: Mind & Body this week: Danger: stress at work Stress Is related directly with the need to hide emotions at work.Stress also affects teachers, because It Is them who have to control the children In the school. A high emotion work experience more stress than others. The most stressed group Is them who are thinking negative thoughts about the past. Test 2: Bad stress, good stress The stress problem comes because people have made the word become a common world in the daily parlance. Stress can also be related to the feeling of being afraid. Another effect could be that people are doing some ridiculous things, like punching the wall, drinking or attacking other people they know are weak like them self.Test 3: Stress relief Stress can take different forms. It's not only the negative things in life, which can create stress. Being too busy can result in excessive surges of adrenaline In the body. To work too hard to get the chance to buy expensive thing, Is also a pressure. Test 4: Stres s can be good for you but not for long Even small things can affect the stress level, for example the torture of commuting, frustrations with computers freezing in the worst moments. But a study claims that stress isn't always bad for people.But permanent stress will be dangerous and it will effect the immune system also. Comment on the following statement: â€Å"If you want to live long and healthily, don't settle into routines†Maybe the following statement means that routines can be bad for you, you might come In a bad routine, but not only that, but if you Just think in routines in general, then you might see that it is bad for you, because if you don't follow your routine, it might stress you or you even get in bad mood, because you feel that you are missing something.But when you think by living healthy Is can be both good and bad with routines, because maybe you have a DOD routine by going to the gym and eat healthy, then It's good for you, but at the other way, It als o might be bad, because It can also effect you If you one day don't have the time to go to the gym, then you might get In a bad mood or you can get In a bad routine and eat a lot of fat food and that can be very bad for you as well. Manage stress as a student.How to manage stress as a student? That's the question many people have these days. As a student you can some very stressed days, maybe you have to be in school until late afternoon, or maybe you have a part time Job side the school, or you are living alone or maybe you Just like spending time with your friends. All these factors can affect your stress level, but the way you can manage this, is by going to school, then making your homework, and Just take it easy.Friends can you later at the day or in the weekend. It's Just about taking it slow, do your thing in your own tempo and an important thing is priority. Most of it depends on how you priority your day and your things. Do the things that you and your body can manage, and don't go under for the pressure that can occur in your daily life. Fight for the things you want.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
College Fair Essays
College Fair Essays College Fair Paper College Fair Paper Essay Topic: College application College Fair Assignment Q: Students will attend a College Fair and write a 3-5 page paper discussing what they learned from the experience. The college fair as a future school counselor was vastly inspiring. Seeing high school students be excited about their perspective futures brought a sense of contentment. It was also entirely informative on how to guide students towards being able to get the most out of their precious time choosing post-secondary education. The fair put on by Rhode Island Association of Admissions Officers (RIAAO) was exactly set up the way students should be walked through the college process as if they were sitting in a counseling office. First the RIAAO handed out their own pamphlets on the colleges attending and general financial aid information. These included handouts citing recent salaries and life-time earnings corresponding to levels of education. At this point in the hallway before the gymnasium housing the college representatives students and parents would often stop and look through the complimentary bags and became orientated on where the colleges were located. It became obvious that when counseling students, they need to be informed as well as their parents or guardians. The more informed and directed by a counselor prior to the fair the more comfortable they would be recognizing how to guide their growing adults into confidently approaching the college representatives. The college fair was organized but chaotic at the same time, stressing how at times the college pursuit can be entertaining and distracting. With the marketing of colleges seen at the fair it was sometimes obvious that distinguished universities were seen with awe. It is important to be proud of academic accomplishment like the badges of honor they proudly displayed as banners in front of their respective tables. At the same time the best education for a student can occur at any college. Students and parents should be open minded and weigh and contrast the appropriate differences in potential academic environments. Brown University, as an Ivy League school, for example constantly had crowds and noticeably different style of reaching out to students. Compared to The Rhode Island School of Design (RISD), Brown had a more salesmanship feel to their pitch. The students received earfuls of tradition from Brown and they would keep talking to whatever individual was directly inquiring but still was able to put a pamphlet into everyone’s hand that passed by. RISD on the other hand took a vastly different approach and did not even meet anyone’s eyes except the individual conversation they would enter. The RISD representative gave a very different and personalized approach, creating the feeling that college is a perspective home with people experiencing relevant education together. No student seemed as if they were doing nothing, it was very hard not to get caught up in the enthusiasm there. The college fair also felt like a used car lot as walking in between tables you felt eyes sizing you up. What struck interest was how certain students seemingly by themselves had notebooks and were furiously jotting down the representatives speech. Preparedness was instinctive and important to these individuals but personally notebooks and really in-depth questions over details of education and dorm conditions were a bit of a surprise to come across between tables. It was a rare phenomenon but at the same time brought back home the point that students and parents, who are informed, possibly with help by a school counselor, explored the college fair as a proactive experience and seemed more confident and excited about their application process leaving the fair. At the beginning of the fair the financial aid pamphlets were passed out and should be first to remember and positively not overlooked. Brown at forty-thousand for yearly tuition alone is a very expensive school and still met everyone as a potential student. Stating the cost brings to mind that as a school counselor your students and their parents need to recognize real financial concerns. The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) needs to be filled out and possible scholarships and grants identified per student as their high school career nears completion. Finances need to be understood and addressed so that it stands as little in the way as possible to each student’s education so that it does not deter any excitement as they approach the rest of their lives as an adult. As a school counselor, the college fair was reassuring to see that joy and hope about education exist and is a beautiful thing to see in current students. The college process was simplified by seeing the college fair from a different perspective. There are endless amounts of colleges to choose from, and even though just in gymnasium there were a lot of colleges just in that room alone compared to the country. As a counselor these endless options and routes need to be organized and expressed to students in a manageable and enjoyable way like the fair was. Constantly gathering ongoing resources on any perspective college your student can be interested in is important to obtain before the interest is present and that is one way that expresses how counselors should be proactive about getting students proactive themselves.
Monday, October 21, 2019
Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essays
Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essays Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essay Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essay Fair Test To do it a just trial and do my consequences more accurate I will seek and maintain all variables constant except the concentration of the acid. This will include weighing the marble french friess every clip and seeking to utilize balls of approximately the same size to maintain the surface country reasonably changeless as a alteration in surface country will impact the rate of reaction. I will seek and avoid a alteration in temperature and I will utilize the same equipment throughout the trials. Each concentration will be repeated at least one time to better truth as an norm can be taken. Research The rate of reaction depends upon two factors. the figure of hits within a clip between the reactants. and the fraction of these hits that are successful. Therefore. the higher the concentration of the reactants. the higher the rate of reaction because there will be an increased figure of hits. this is called hit theory. However. for the reaction between the two reactants to be successful. they must clash with adequate energy to respond. the energy needed to respond is known as activation energy. This can be shown on a graph like the one below. I believe this graph is similar to what the energy diagram would be for my probe. This shows that my chemical reaction will be exothermal. therefore it will let go of more energy than it uses to respond. Therefore. at a higher concentration. there will be more reactions let go ofing energy in the signifier of heat that will enable more atoms to make their activation energy degree and react. This shows that the rate of reaction will increase with the concentration of acid. Prediction After holding done some research I feel that I can do an instruction anticipation refering what will go on during my probe. I predict that the higher the concentration of acid I use. the faster the rate of reaction will be. I think this because the higher the concentration is. the more acerb atoms there will be to clash with the marble bit with adequate energy to do a reaction as explained in hit theory. I besides believe that the rate of reaction will increase with concentration of acid because the chemical reaction I am making is an exothermal reaction. Therefore. it will let go of energy as the reactions take topographic point. this will give more energy to other atoms around it and will do the reaction to rush up as more atoms reach their activation energy and collide with adequate energy to respond. Preliminary trial consequences I started with 10g of marble bit and 100cm3 of 2M acid. the reaction was excessively fast and could non be accurately measured. I so tried 3g of marble bit with the same sum of 2M acid ( 100cm3 ) . this worked mulct. nevertheless. when the 0. 4M concentration was tested the reaction was excessively slow and could non be accurately measured due to our graduated table. I so tried 6g of marble bit and it gave 135 cm3 of CO2 with the 2M concentration and 5 cm3 of CO2 with the 0. 4M concentration. I felt that this would give us a good scope of consequences so I stuck with those measurings based on my preliminary trials. Observations When we had done our experiment we realised that we could profit from some trials with other concentrations of acid to increase truth. Therefore we decided to make trials with 1. 8M. 1. 4M. 1M. 0. 6M and 0. 2M acid. However. when we did these trials they produced a much higher volume of C dioxide than we would anticipate from our old consequences. I came to the decision that this would hold to be down to a alteration in one of the variables. Looking at the variables it was possible that it could hold been temperature or surface country of the marble french friess that caused the alteration. but as at that place had non been any big alteration in these variables it was improbable that they would hold such a clear affect on the consequences. After making a few trials I found that it was the acid that I was utilizing that had affected the consequences. I had started on a new batch of acid as the old bottle had run out. Even though both batches of acid were labelled as being 2M. it was clear that one was stronger than the other and hence increased the rate of reaction as the opportunity of acerb atoms clashing with the marble bit had been increased as there were more acerb atoms. Due to this. I plotted at that place consequences as a separate line. nevertheless. the consequences still show the same form and are hence still utile in reasoning the relation between gas given off and the concentration of acid. as explained by hit theory. Decision As you can see on the graph. both lines go up in a smooth curve. This shows that there is a correlativity between concentration of acid and the volume of gas given off. As the concentration of acid additions so does the volume of gas. therefore they are relative. The gradient of the line gets steeper as the concentration increases. this means that there was a larger addition of gas produced between 1. 6M and 2M. than there was between 0. 4M and 0. 8M. even though the addition in concentration of acid was 0. 4M in both. The graph shows that at higher concentrations of acid. more C dioxide was produced but in the same sum of clip. This shows that at higher concentrations. the rate of reaction must hold been faster to bring forth more merchandises in the same clip period. This can be explained by hit theory and the thoughts on activation energy that I explained in my research and anticipation. In my anticipation I said that more gas would be given off with a higher concentration. these consequences show that I was right. This is because due to hit theory. in a low concentration of acid the acid atoms are spread far apart. This means that there is really small opportunity of acerb atoms clashing with the marble bit with adequate energy to respond. In a high concentration. the acid atoms are nearer together as there is more of them within the same volume. This means that there is a much higher opportunity of hit with the marble bit. and there is more energy due to the energy being produced by the reaction. which is exothermal. this causes the reaction to be quicker. This can be seen in my consequences. the 2M acid gave an norm of 134. 75cm3 of C dioxide. where the 0. 4M concentration merely gave an norm of 4cm3 of C dioxide. The rate of reaction is reduced by a lessening of atoms within the same infinite. Evaluation Accuracy of consequences I feel that my experiment was accurate because the consequences made a smooth curve on my graph. I did hold a job with the 1. 8M. 1. 4M. 1M. 0. 6M and 0. 2M acerb consequences. as the acid appeared to be stronger than it was labelled. However. I resolved this job by plotting the consequences as a separate line on my graph and they still showed a really similar curve to the other one demoing the same relation between concentration of acid and the volume of gas given off. This shows that it was likely merely the concentration of the acid that caused the job and non my executing of the experiment that caused the consequences to be somewhat different than what was expected. I think that my consequences could hold been better as there was some fluctuation between my four consequences for each of 2M. 1. 6M. 1. 2M. 0. 8M. and 0. 4M. However I do non experience this job is major as the fluctuations were comparatively little as is shown by the mistake borders drawn on my graph. but there is still room for betterment. Possible Improvements If I was to make this probe once more I would seek and maintain some of the variables constant that I had less control over. The probe was carried out over a few yearss so the schoolroom temperature may hold varied. This could hold had a little consequence on the rate of reaction doing my consequences less accurate. Although the marble french friess were approximately the same size they weren’t all precisely the same form. If I could happen a manner to do the marble french friess all the same form and size so the probe would be fairer as the surface country of the marble french friess would be changeless. If I was to make this probe once more I would seek and utilize merely one batch of acid for the whole experiment because as I found out. the acid supplied isn’t ever precisely the strength that it says it is. I would besides seek to utilize a more accurate piece of equipment to mensurate the volume of gas produced. utilizing a mensurating cylinder did non supply the best truth that was unfastened to me. I could hold achieved a higher degree of truth with a buret.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Its More Than a Video Is a Social Movement Essay Example
Its More Than a Video Is a Social Movement Essay Example Its More Than a Video Is a Social Movement Essay Its More Than a Video Is a Social Movement Essay It’s more than a video: it’s a social media movement In this paper, I would like to discuss the elements that made the KONY 2012 the most viral video in the history, with over 76 million views in one week. I will also discuss how social media has played a significant role in this campaign and the elements that promoted the engagement of young people worldwide. With 76 million viewers in one week, the Kony 2012 campaign designed by Invisible Children has caused a movement. While millions of people have collaborated so far with this initiative by buying 500,00 â€Å"Action Kits†and/or sharing this video through their social media, others have criticized it affirming that campaigns like these give young people a false sense of accomplishment and discourage real engagement in social issues (Ojalvo, 2012). But what made this campaign so attractive for 76 million viewers? What made them click? â€Å"if you want to get and hold someone’s attention, tell a story†(Weinschenk, 2009, p. 112). According to the website, â€Å"Invisible Children uses film, creativity and social action to end the use of child soldiers in Joseph Kony’s rebel war and restore LRA-affected communities in Central Africa to peace and prosperity. †To achieve this mission they are trying to: 1. Make the world aware of the LRA. This includes making documentary films and touring them around the world so that they are seen for free by millions of people, 2. Channel energy from viewers of IC films into large-scale advocacy campaigns to stop the LRA and protect civilians, and 3. Operate programs on the ground in LRA-affected areas that provides protection, rehabilitation and development assistance (Invisible Children, n. d. ). Invisible Children began his â€Å"National Tour†campaign in 2005, with 29 college-age students who traveled throughout US, to raise awareness in local schools and communities. However, it was from a video launched a week ago that this organization became popular worldwide. According to Mr. Keesey, â€Å"[The video] is connected to a really deep, thoughtful very intentional and strategic campaign. The purpose of the web campaign was to introduce new people to the terror inflicted by LRA. Those people could then take their awareness to their political leader†(Invisible Children, 2012). The inspiring current of cyber idealism among the under-25’s is a phenomenon that Cohen (2012) describes a one that has triggered a quite unique social validation movement. Accorrding to Haslam, McGarty, Turner (1996), people are more likely to be persuaded and positively influenced by others with whom they recognize a shared identity. With the help of Facebook and Twitter, Jason Russell’s video has become the most viral video in history, and succeeded in promoting (as it is explained on the webpage) the involvement of celebrities like Angeline Jolie, Ben Affleck, and Ellen DeGeneres. Angeline Jolie, who has been named a Goodwill Ambassador to the United Nations said during an event to mark International Women’s Day â€Å" I don’t know anyone who does not hate Kony†(Child, 2012). Ben Affleck also commented on the website of his humanitarian organization Eastern Congo Initiative, â€Å"Joseph Kony must be caught. His lieutenants must be brought to justice and the LRA abductees still in the bush – fighting against their will must be rescued and rehabilitated†. Ellen DeGeneres, who has over 4. 5 million twitter followers, has also made a comment about the KONY 2012 saying, â€Å"I am talking about it, I hope you are too†. Justin Bieber, Rihanna and Oprah have also made comments supporting this cause and engaging his fans to â€Å"retweet†this video. What this campaign has caused is what Gentile et al (2009) defined as â€Å"beneficial†behavior, for being associated with generally kind, altruistic individuals. In the website, the program Schools for Schools talks about how US schools compete against each other, to see which one gathered more money to help build schools in Northern Uganda. This had generated among US students a largely unconscious feeling called by Weinschenk (2009), Reciprocity, because representatives from the winner school also had the opportunity to travel to Northern Uganda to share with local students and promote intercultural exchange. Persuasion and reciprocity are also concepts well used in the campaign. Part of the original video’s purpose is to engage the audience to buy the â€Å"action kit†. As described in the web page: â€Å"People will think you are and advocate of awesome. Everything you’ll need to take part in our KONY 2012 campaign is included in this kit: an official campaign + T-shirt + KONY bracelet + action guide + Stickers + Button + Posters†(Invisible Children, 2012). This Action Kit will be used on the night of April 20th, in the â€Å"cover the night†activity, where the goal is to post 1,000,000 campaign posters, signs and stickers around the US. Due the enormous success of the video, 500,000 Action Kits, T-shirts and CDs where sold in a matter of days and are no longer available. As a result, followers turned to social media to ask when they will have more. As Weinschenk (2009) says, if there is limited availability of something, we assume it is more valuable and we want it even more. According to the Visible Measures Blog (2012), until today, Kony 2012 had generated 112 million views and over 860,000 comments. The views come from 750 clips across the web most coming from video responses to the campaign. There are even translated subtitled versions of the documentary popping up in Spanish, Italian, French and Chinese. The more reviewers there are, the more powerful the impact of social validation will be (Weinschenk, 2009). Jason Russell presents the story using a narrative form in 1st person; that captures the audience’s attention by using a language that is easily understood. The video can be divided into 3 parts. In the first part, he stimulates mostly the mid brain. By using phrases like â€Å"because he was born, he matters†â€Å"I want him to live in a better world†, Jason shows his â€Å"personas†as Weinschenk (2009) calls them, so you can be clear of his motivations, values and relationships. In order for us to engage with his motive, he focuses on showing his son Gavin as a happy American boy who is enjoying his childhood, so when later you see boys â€Å"living in fear†your middle brain will generate angry and sadness. For the second part of the video, he continues to engage the mid brain, by narrating the story of Jacob, a survivor of the LRA-Abduction. Jacob talks about his brother and how he wants to dye because the does not likes the way Ugandan boys live. During this part, Jason narrates how boys like Jacob are forced to fight, abuse girls, mutilate and in some cases kill members of their own families. He presents pictures of mutilated kids and boys sleeping on the floor. He also presents people who have been engaged to the â€Å"National Tour†movement. The music, during this part of the video is low, with a sad tone and no lyrics. In this second part, the old brain is stimulated with images and phrases like â€Å"fear†, â€Å"in danger†, â€Å"afraid†, â€Å"abducted†and â€Å"sex slaves†. Jason also starts using the â€Å"You†word in phrases like â€Å"this is not only about me and you, is about changing the course of human history†and â€Å"We Build a community around the idea that where you live should not determine whether you live†. This is also incorporated in a later video of Jason, where he is thanking the audience for the response and the forwarding abilities of those who shared the video in the first days. The clearly states: â€Å"This is not our movement, it is a name, I mean it is Invisible Children, but it is your movement, you started this, with your donations, and we are here to serve you, it is much bigger than me†. During the TONY 2012 video, our new brain is again stimulated when Jason explains his Gavin, who is Joseph Kony. Gavin uses simple phrases like â€Å"he is bad†, â€Å"they should stop him†, which reinforces the main idea of the video. Later, Jason includes the declaration of the Head prosecutor of Int. crimes court, who explains how the ICC is trying to indict Joseph Kony for: Abduction, slavery, abuses and homicide enforces the reason for this video. In the third part of the video, again the three brains are engaged. The music changes to energize the images. Our brains are built to process pictures, and we think in pictures, so presenting information as pictures is the most effective way to present information to people†(Weinschenk, 2009, p. 116). Jason introduces the programs they have been working in Northern Uganda, and thousands of college-age collaborators participating in intercultural meetings where they are helping a cause while having fun. Since Jason does not want us to stay with the sad part of the story in our minds; in this last part, the tries to move the audience from feeling sad and angry, to get active and cooperate by: 1. Sharing the video on Facebook and Twitter, 2. Purchasing the action kit, 3. Donate to the cause. Is in this part of the video, where Jason incorporates some marketing concepts that were explained in Weinschenk book: Deals: if you donate a â€Å"few bucks a month†, you can have the action kit for â€Å"free†. The bracelet has a unique number that you can register in the KONY 2012 webpage to have more information about the movement. Community is a concept reinforced several times on the video. Phrases like â€Å"a bunch of little’s can make a lot of difference†, â€Å"The first time this action was taken, because the people demand it†â€Å"Not only for Ugandan people but for everyone†makes you feel that his video is part of something bigger. As a result, the reaction you can see in many people celebrating the response from President Obama, of sending soldiers to work with Uganda’s army, gives the impression of a worldwide network that have worked hard to make this cause of public interest. It presents how through social media, the community have shared what they are doing in each city, and how they are getting ready for the night of april 20th. As Weinschenk (2009) refers, the cooperation between individuals in a group, allows it to grow and support each other. According to Green Brock (2002), narrative persuasion addresses occur because an individual is â€Å"transported†into the narrative world. KONY 2012, has successfully maintained 70 million people watching a 30 minute documentary, ensuring what Walt Disney said many years ago: audiences can maintain the attention for more than 2 minutes if the material presented is appealing enough. This narrative persuasion and the use of simple language (that even a four year old kid can understand) is what makes it a catchy video for all ages. Using the Mass Interpersonal Persuasion (Weinschenk, 2009, p. 131), Jason made and excellent campaign, that evokes strong emotions and leads people to completely agree on his cause. The fact that this video has been shared mostly by teenagers from 13-17 years old (Rode, 2012), does makes a point that although they have not been in the past targeted by CSR campaigns, they do have the power to spread the word faster than other age groups. Just like in Egypt, social media is giving youth voice and determining a political agenda and helping them discover their untapped power. As a result of this successful campaign, many have discussed whether this video will continue to evoke social change. According to Ruge (2012), editor of CNN â€Å"KONY 2012, cemented the legitimacy of social media for global engagement, but missed an opportunity to empower the many Ugandan and Central African voices newly visible with the advent of mobile technology and social media tools on the continent†. Other journalists such as Christiane Amanpour (the Chief international corresponding for CNN) affirms that â€Å"what’s really important is that this 52 million and counting view’s will hopefully not just sensitized people about war criminals like Joseph Kony but in general try to get society on board to really press the governments to do something about this war crimes†. Regarding all the critics, the Facebook page told his more than 3 million fans: â€Å"Whether you’re criticizing Invisible Children or not, it is not about us. I think that everyone can agree that this violence needs to stop and children should not be forced to fight†(Facebook/invisiblechildren, 2012). This page also encourages people to leave comments on the wall, promoting ideas, asking questions. What cannot be argued, is that those 750,000 people who have shared the video, and those 500,000 who bought the Action Kit have developed ownership for this cause, and that for years, this movement will be studied not because it moved people to buy bracelets or donate a few dollars, but because it moved the masses, and made us realize the great power social media can have when used correctly. Reference: Affleck, B. (2012). A message from ECI founder Ben Affleck on KONY 2012. Retrieved from: easterncongo. org/news-perspectives/ Child, B. (2012). Kony 2012: Angelina Jolie calls for Ugandan warlord’s arrest. Retrieved from: guardian. co. uk/film/2012/mar/12/kony-2012-angelina-jolie CNN. (2012). Amanpour: Kony film helps to educate. Retrieved from: www. cnn. com/video/#/video/world/2012/03/09/uganda-kony-film-amanporut-reax. cnn Giles, D. C. (2003). Media Psychology. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Haslam, S. A. , McGarty. C. , Turner, J. C. (1996). Whats social about social cognition? Research on socially shared cognition in small groups. (pp. 29-56)Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, IncNye, Judith L. (Ed); Brower, Aaron M. (Ed), (1996). xxxiii, 398 pp. Harris, C. (2011) â€Å"Walden University and Harris Interactive Release Report on the Future of Social Change†, Professional Services Close-Up, Sept. 23, 2011. Invisible children, (2012). Thank you, Kony 2012 Supporters. Retrieved from: http://vimeo. com/38344284 Invisible Children webpage: www. invisiblechildren. com Ojalvo, H. (2012). Do social media campaigns like Kony 2012 stunt or stimulate real change? Retrieved from: http://learning. blogs. nytimes. com/2012/03/13/do-social-media-campaigns-like-kony-2012-stunt-or-stimulate-real-change/ Paine, K. (2007). How to Measure Social Media Relations: The More things change, the more they remain the same. Retrieved from: instituteforpr. org/wp-content/uploads/How_to_Measure_Blogs. pdf Rode, M. 2012). South Africa: Five lessons brands can learn from Kony 2012. Retrieved from: http://allafrica. com/stories/201203141089. html. Ruge, TMS. (2012). Opinion: Why Kony 2012 created the wrong buzz. Retrieved from: www. cnn. com/2012/03/12/world/africa/kony-2012-tms-opinion/index. html Update: Kony social video campaign tops 100 million views. (2012). Visible measures. Retrieved from: http://corp. visiblemeasures. com/news-and-events/blog/ Weinschenk, S. M. (2009 ). Neuro Web Design: What Makes Them Click? Berkeley: New Riders.
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Event palnning Case Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Event palnning Case Studies - Essay Example The product is golf shoes, the customers are the golf players at the establishment and the competition is the other competitive golf clubs in Ohio. The strategies applied in the sale of golf shoes at this expo revolve around pricing because of the nature of the event. The only formula of advertising that is valid is guerrilla publicising. A focus on brand identification is yet another strategy used to attract the local golfers and the tourist golfers. Guerrilla marketing involves the use of the ushers and concession workers to market the product. As the guests arrive at the expo, these personnel engage the guests in the products available at the shop and propose the purchase of a pair of golf shoes. Informing the clients that the product is only available at pro shops informs the golfers that the shoes are meant for serious golfers and this gives the product a certain air of quality. Setting a reasonable price for the sale of the product is essential in beating the competition and the creation of a huge profit margin. In this case, the manufactured goods are intended at targeting the golfers; therefore it has a particular business. Pro golfers are expected to want to purchase quality products. The products pricing aims at reaching the equilibrium point which in this case, is the price that the golfers are willing to buy at versus the price that the sellers have set. The smaller that this margin is, the higher the rate of success. There is the price that the company set so as to achieve a profit that will cover the cost of production. This goal must be attained for the sale to be considered a success. This, however, limits the level of compromise in the sale of the product considering that it targets a specific market (golfers). Success in the guerrilla marketing strategy may warrant the use of market pricing that is the pricing of products in relation to the business aspect. With the customers knowing that the golf shoes in the sale are quality
Friday, October 18, 2019
Manhattan Transcripts Between Idealism and Reality Essay
Manhattan Transcripts Between Idealism and Reality - Essay Example Tschumi developed the Manhattan Transcripts from 1977 to 1981 as a set of theoretical drawings as he was exploring the use of notation and the effectiveness of disjunction. This was in an effort to come up with new ways of expressing a few of the traditional means of representing architectural forms. Tschumi had the theoretical agenda of describing elements that have roots in the conventional architectural representation shown by the complex relationship between spaces and their uses, objects and events, as well as typology and program, when he developed the Manhattan Transcripts. His work focused on a set of disjunctions among use, form, and social values. The programs in the transcripts have the most extreme nature as they bring out the plot of the archetype of murder. The transcripts try to introduce a different insight of architecture which shows the independent, yet related aspects of space, movements, and events (Tschumi, â€Å"Urban Pleasures†11). When it comes to classification, the transcripts offer a different perspective to architecture whereby space, events, and movements are ultimately independent, but at the same time, related to one another. This leads to breaking down of conventional architectural components and rebuilding them along different lines (Tschumi, â€Å"Disjunctions†117). All the four sections of the Manhattan Transcripts use their tentative format to explore unlikely confrontations, therefore, bringing to light the fact that perhaps, all architecture, apart from being about functional standards, is all about love and death. The Manhattan Transcripts are not a random accumulation of events, but rather they display a certain order that makes them not to be self-contained images. They have a final cumulative meaning that depends on the succession of spaces. The representation of events, movements, and spaces indicate the use of tripartite notation in the Manhattan Transcripts. Movement in the
What are the key functions of the German Chancellor Essay - 1
What are the key functions of the German Chancellor - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Germany adopted the constitution (Basic law) on May 1949, which saw the reunification of Germany. The Basic law combines the lessons from German experience with the National Socialist State, the Weimar Republic and the intention of the Western powers. The Basic law provided the foundation for creating the Democratic and the Social Federal Republic. The Federal Republic of Germany has its name from Germans federal structure. The Federal Republic of Germany consists of sixteen states; each state has its own authority and powers. The Federal Republics constitution stipulates the responsibilities of the three separate arms of Germany government. The three branches are the legislature, executive, and the judiciary. The legislature consists of a bicameral parliament, the Bundesrat, and the Bundestag. The function of the executive circulates within the office of the president and the Chancellor. The federal constitution is the highest court i n Germany. It has the right to declare any acts of the federal state or the state legislatures unconstitutional. The court guards the Basic Law and consists of two panels, each panel consisting of eight judges. The Bundestag and the Bundesrat appoint an equal number of judges. The federal president is the head of the government and performs a ceremonial role. The president represents the country in international relations. The president concludes treaties, accredits and receives envoys. The federal president is not a member of the government, the legislature or the federal government.
Thursday, October 17, 2019
External and Internal Environment Audit of Stenders Essay - 1
External and Internal Environment Audit of Stenders - Essay Example The paper tells that the management of the Stenders has decided to enter the UK market. They are eyeing to open franchisee retail stores in London considering the prospect of the market. The social demand for body and face cosmetics and beauty products is increasing significantly in London. Moreover, a favourable technological environment will help the management of the organization to enhance its manufacturing, distribution, selling and promotional practices. Availability of skilled and low-cost suppliers and supply chain option can influence the management to develop and implement unique strategies in business operation process. recent financial crisis and economic environment affected the purchasing power of people. Therefore, it can affect the overall business output of Stenders in London. Apart from this, too much intense market competition can make it difficult to develop potential customer base initially. Strict employment and environmental regulations and legal policies can b e considered as significant external challenges for the organization. Moreover, the intense market competition and strict entry lawsuits can help the management of Stenders to face a limited threat of new entrants. Huge market competition and availability of differentiated and substitute products can increase the threat of bargaining power of the consumers. Stenders has both internal strengths as well as weaknesses. Strong brand name, high customer loyalty, potential customer base across the globe and significant international business diversification strategy can be considered as the major internal strengths of the organization. Affective product differentiation strategy and strong financial also can be considered as one of the important strengths of the organization. Apart from this, the organization has developed the decentralized decision-making model that enhance efficient and quick strategy development and decision-making process.
Single Parent Families Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Single Parent Families - Essay Example The mother takes the responsibility of the nurturing of the children at home, while the father is the bread earner for the family. With the well defined duties of the mother and the father, the children are brought up in an environment that is conducive for their excellent psychological nurturing and emotional counseling. In single parent families, the whole load of responsibilities of the two parents has to be solely borne by one parent. The parent has to both earn the bread for the children and also ensure that the children get all the attention they require. This is certainly extremely difficult to achieve in the absence of a partner. In the contemporary age, cost of living is sky high. In many families, both of the parents have to work in order to make both ends meet. In such circumstances, when a single parent remains out for work for a major portion of the day, he/she can not take care of the children at home. They are prone to kidnapping and physical abuse by neighbors, servan ts or other outsiders. Besides, the parent can not afford to keep tutors and manage their salaries within the scanty hard earned money. Because of this, the children become weak academically like all other areas. The children also have no less hard time than their parent.
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
External and Internal Environment Audit of Stenders Essay - 1
External and Internal Environment Audit of Stenders - Essay Example The paper tells that the management of the Stenders has decided to enter the UK market. They are eyeing to open franchisee retail stores in London considering the prospect of the market. The social demand for body and face cosmetics and beauty products is increasing significantly in London. Moreover, a favourable technological environment will help the management of the organization to enhance its manufacturing, distribution, selling and promotional practices. Availability of skilled and low-cost suppliers and supply chain option can influence the management to develop and implement unique strategies in business operation process. recent financial crisis and economic environment affected the purchasing power of people. Therefore, it can affect the overall business output of Stenders in London. Apart from this, too much intense market competition can make it difficult to develop potential customer base initially. Strict employment and environmental regulations and legal policies can b e considered as significant external challenges for the organization. Moreover, the intense market competition and strict entry lawsuits can help the management of Stenders to face a limited threat of new entrants. Huge market competition and availability of differentiated and substitute products can increase the threat of bargaining power of the consumers. Stenders has both internal strengths as well as weaknesses. Strong brand name, high customer loyalty, potential customer base across the globe and significant international business diversification strategy can be considered as the major internal strengths of the organization. Affective product differentiation strategy and strong financial also can be considered as one of the important strengths of the organization. Apart from this, the organization has developed the decentralized decision-making model that enhance efficient and quick strategy development and decision-making process.
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
Career Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1
Career Plan - Essay Example These alterations have further attracted the focus of the career planners towards issues concerning the regular job hours, stress level on-the-job, remunerations, growth opportunities as well as versatility in the job responsibilities. Following the determination of these aspects on the basis of the academic skills, cognitive competencies and economic abilities of the candidate, the career path is selected (Fogg, Harrington and Harrington 21-30). Considering these issues, I wish to select my career option as a corporate lawyer. However, owing to the fact that the industrial contexts are rapidly changing which might alter the attributes which I had considered when selecting upon the career option of a corporate lawyer, I have decided the job role of a law professor as my second career option. This paper will therefore attempt to discuss upon my career choices and their attributes which should be taken into concern when developing myself as a prospective candidate for the intended job positions. The strong inspirations to influence me for considering about corporate lawyer as a career option have been my family and friends who knew people from a similar career. Even the friends who were associated with businesses advised me to take up the option as a worthy career choice after identifying my skills and hard-working nature. Contextually, after reviewing various articles and consulting with my professors along with the people whom my friends knew as corporate lawyers, I was able to understand that the job responsibilities in relation to this particular career is quite challenging. Undoubtedly, the sustenance as well as the legal viability of a corporate entity relies upon the shoulders and competitiveness of the lawyer which further determines the livelihood of many people. I also observed that corporate lawyers in today’s highly competitive scenario need to handle multiple deals at once, which further creates
Defendant Ling’s Market Essay Example for Free
Defendant Ling’s Market Essay Facts: Kim was shopping for dinner at Ling’s Market, as Kim entered she slipped and fell due to the water accumulated on the floor (that the manager was aware of) because of the high winds and rain that blew into the Market each time the door was opened. Kim suffered a back injury as a result of the fall. Kim filed suit against Ling’s Market, the defendant, arguing that Lings performed a â€Å"tort of negligence†due to their absence of a warning about the wet floor, and disregard in the exercise of a â€Å"reasonable degree of care to protect business invitees. †Issue: To prove that the defendant, Ling’s should be liable for Kim’s injuries, the plaintiff, must prove that Lings did not in fact exercise a reasonable degree of care to protect Kim and warn her about the wet floor hazard due to the absence of a warning sign or cones, and committed a tort of negligence. Is the lack of a warning sign a tort of negligence, and should it be mandated that Lings is liable for Kim’s injuries suffered as a result of the fall? Decision: The plaintiff feels that the defendant, Ling’s Market, should in fact be liable for Kim’s injuries she suffered as a result of the fall, and a tort of negligence has been committed due to the lack of a reasonable degree of care to protect business invitees. Reasons: At www.barronstad.com it states that â€Å"A business owner is required to use due care to keep the premises presumably safe for customers, or at least to warn them of dangers that might arise from their use of the premises.†According to the author of the text, explains that a â€Å"tort of negligence occurs when someone suffers injury because of another’s failure to live up to the required duty of care.†The defendant, Lings, owed a duty of care to Kim and had breached said duty. As a result Kim suffered a legally recognizable injury. By not providing a caution sign of some sort, Lings did not adhere to the â€Å"duty of care†. The plaintiff argues that the lack in a caution sign or warning of the half inch of water standing on the floor, with the manager knowing about the danger, is in violation of Lings, duty of care. The manager knew the condition of the floor, which was a direct result of more than the mere tramping of many feet under the conditions of weather then existing. The plaintiff argues that the excess water standing on the floor (one half inch) was a foreseeable risk that the business operator (manager) was aware about and should have posted a warning about the danger. If the defendant had posted a caution about the inherent danger the plaintiff, Kim, would have been more liable to avoid the outcome (Kim’s back injury). Citations: http://www.barronstad.com/resources/resources_personal_injury http://www.lawteacher.net/tort-law/cases Miller/Jentz, 9th Ed. Text, Ch 4, pg 112-115.
Monday, October 14, 2019
Male Lung Cancer Patients Social Support and Death Anxiety
Male Lung Cancer Patients Social Support and Death Anxiety Rajput Nitu Abstract One of the major challenges faced by India is the rapid growth of lung cancer and its divesting impact upon human life. The lung cancer patients suffering from severe death anxiety and also needs a lot of social support. The present investigation has been undertaken in order to study the social support and death anxiety of lung cancer patients in relation to age. Purposive sample was used to select lung cancer patients from civil hospital in the city of Ahmadabad. The total sample size was of 90 male populations, which were divided into two groups. The first group was 60 lung cancer patients, who were divided into two age groups 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 years age groups. The second group was on 30 normal subjects who were also divided two age groups 31 to 41 and 41 to 50 year’s age groups. PGI social support scale and death anxiety scale were used for data collection. The t test technique was adopted for data analysis, t was found for difference between normal subject and lung ca ncer patients. The study found that there was significant difference between lung cancer patients and normal population in social support and death anxiety. It was found that there was no significant difference between 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patient age groups. Lung cancer patients suffering from more death anxiety and they receive more social support compared than normal population. Social support and death anxiety of male lung cancer patients in relation to age. Lung cancer has become one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in developed countries and is also rising at an alarming rate in developing countries. Despite the advances made in diagnosis and treatment in the last few decades, the prognosis of lung cancer is still very poor (Parsons, 2010).The most common cause of lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke (Merck Manual Professional Edition â€Å"lung carcinoma tumors of the lung, 2007). Lung cancer forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages (U.S. National Cancer Institute, 2010). Projection estimates from the WHO has shown that by the year 2030, cancer will account for 12% of deaths in India (WHO, 2010). Cancer pain is not a purely physical experience but involves complex aspects of human functioning, including personality, affect, cognition, and behavior, coping and social relations. Research on psychological factors influencing cancer pain has focused on two main areas: Psychological distre ss and pain coping. Numerous Studies have examined the relationship between cancer pain and various forms of psychological distress. Social Support Social support may be viewed as a part of the coping process in living with a chronic strain such as a chronic illness like cancer (Thoits, 1986). Consequently, the chronic strain/psychological adjustment relationships is likely to be mediated by moderator variables such as social support (Katz and Vami, 1993). Social supports are commonly defined as function performed for an individual under stress by significant others such as family members, friends, or professionals (Nelles, 1991). Rose (1990) determined the dimensions and characteristics of components of support functions in 64 non hospitalized adult cancer patients. They showed distinctiveness of primary network members by their overall preference for tangible aid from family, for modeling from friends who had cancer, and for open communications and clarifications from health professionals. Family and friends were equally preferred for dealing with affective reactions to the stressfulness of cancer. Houston and Kendall (1992) e xamined this aspect by studying patients with lung cancer. They found that patients who are encouraged to and permitted to verbalize their feelings by a friend or staff who is interested in, empathetic, and non-judgmental are better able to overcome feelings of anxiety and fear, and they progress through the stages of the illness process easily. Ell (1992) examined the relationship between social relationships and social support and survival following a first diagnosis of breast, colon, or lung cancer in 294 patients. Results suggest that the emotional support provided by the primary network members was a critical factor explaining the relationship between indicators of social relationship and mortality. Rose (1993) measures the processes and outcomes of emotional support in interactions between adult cancer patients and health providers. Emotional support processes were assesses as desired support, received support, and congruence. The older patients were found to expect intimacy a s the most important, whereas the younger patients felt that being able to ventilate their feelings was the most important. In addition, the older patients received less emotional support from providers than did middle -aged patients, but younger patients were more inclined than the other 2 groups to feel that the emotional support they received was not congruent with support they desired. Aymanns (1995) studied the interrelationships between the coping behaviors of 169 cancer patients and perceived amount and adequacy of family support, as well as the role of these factors in predicting psychosocial adjustment to cancer. Survey data suggested that cognitive strategies of coping may be more effective in mobilizing family support than behavioral strategies. Klein (1994) explored the relationship of daily hassles demand of illness, and social support to the psychosocial adjustment of people with newly diagnosed, primary lung cancer. It was found that the participants report relatively high social support, low hassles, moderately low demand of illness, and positive adjustment. Death Anxiety Patients with cancer experience the approaching of death, which increases their fear of dying and the intensity of suffering. Cancer carries the threat of death and during the stage in which they may be approaching their last days; patients can experience the approach of death with increased fear of dying and fear of increasing pain intensity. Studies have attempted to explore the components of death anxiety. Adelbratt and Strang, (2000) studied death anxiety among 20 patients with brain tumors and 15 of their next of kin. Death anxiety has been analyzed with reference to various socio-demographic factors and most frequently with age. Tsai, (2004) conducted a study in 224 patients with terminal cancers admitted to the Palliative Care Unit. The severity of death fear decreased gradually in both groups after being admitted to the hospice. However, the elderly (≠¥ 65 years of age) displayed higher levels of death fear than the younger group at two days before death. A significant n egative correlation was observed between the degree of death fear and the total good death score in both groups at two days before. The relationship between death anxiety and other personal factors were examined in some of the studies. Grumman and Spiegel, (2003) conducted a study among twelve cancer patients to determine their approach towards death anxiety. The results indicated the presence of significant death anxiety among the subjects. It was also reported that they were troubled by unresolved issues and higher anxiety and pain. The majority of the subjects expressed a desire to actively discuss their impending death and more than half of the patients reported being afraid of death and high death anxiety was associated with fear of dying in pain, high peak or usual pain, unresolved issues, and difficulty in parting with family in death. Most subjects experienced their religious faith as an important source of comfort and strength.In some of the studies, death anxiety was found to be related to affective factors such as anxiety and depression Mystakidou, (2005) reported significant correlation between death anxiety depression and anxiety among terminally ill cancer patients. On the whole, the studies suggest that death anxiety is related to age, state of illness, and other affective components such as anxiety and depression, fear of being separated from significant others indicating the possible existence of an affective network related to death anxiety. Method Sample: The sample size of this study was 90 male subjects. Subjects were divided into two groups. The fist groups was experimental groups which included 60 male lung cancer patients, and the second groups was control groups which consisted of 30 normal and physically fit male. Male lung cancer patients and normal male subjects will be sub-divided into two age groups :- (1) 31 to 40 years age groups. (2) 41 to 50 years age groups. Out which 31 to 40 years 30 male lung cancer patients and 41 to 50 years 30 male lung cancer. Research Design: The general objective of present study is to find the significant difference between social support and death anxiety of lung cancer patients and normal subjects. In particular, t was found difference between social support and death anxiety of normal subject and lung cancer patients. t will also be found for difference in means between the two age groups. Research Tools: P.G.I social support questionnaire (SSQ):- social support questionnaire constructed and standardized by (Dr. Ritu Nehra, Dr. Parmanand Kulhara, and Dr. Santosh K. Verma, 1998). Thakur death anxiety scale (TDAS):- Death anxiety scale constructed and standardized by(Giridhar Prasad and Manju Thakur, 1984). Both SSQ and TDAS test provide consistent, reliable and valid scores. Research Procedure: The above mentioned two scales were administered on the selected sample of lung cancer patients and normal subjects. Some personal information was also collected with bio-data sheet prepared for the same purpose. After establishing rapport with each lung cancer patients and normal persons respectively and Social Support Scale and death anxiety scale were administered in Individual setting, scoring of eachtool was done by the scoring key of each tool. After respondent completed answered the test, it was checked whether all the items were answered completely. Scoring and interpretation was done using the standard scoring key given in test manual. In particular, t was found difference between social support and death anxiety of normal subject and lung cancer patients. t will also be found for difference in means between the two age groups. After the discussion the result were summarized and concluded according to the design of research study. Result: Table no .1 The mean of social support of lung cancer patients and normal subject’s were 49.75, 37.87 and SD 7.48, 5.10. The obtained‘t’ value is 8.86 significant at 0.01 levels. Hence it is concluded that lung cancer patients and normal subjects have significant difference to level of social support. The above table shows that lung cancer patients receive more social support compared than normal subjects. The mean of social support of 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patients were 51.2, 48.3 and SD 7.80, 6.9. The obtained’t’ value is 1.53 no significant at 0.01 levels. Hence it is concluded that 31to 40 and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patients have no significant difference to level of social support. The above table shows there is a no significant difference between the mean scores of two age groups on social support. The mean of death anxiety of lung cancer patients and normal subject’s were 57.92, 46.03 and SD 6.73, 10.48. The obtained‘tâ €™ value is 5.69 significant at 0.01 levels. Hence it is concluded that lung cancer patients and normal subjects have significant difference to level of death anxiety. The above table shows that lung cancer patients are suffer more death anxiety compared than normal subjects and there is a significant difference between the mean scores of cancer patients and normal subjects on death anxiety. The mean of death anxiety of 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patients were 59.86, 55.97 and SD 6.22, 6.67. The obtained’t’ value is 2.32 significant at 0.01 levels. Hence it is concluded that 31to 40 and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patients have significant difference to level of death anxiety. The above table shows there is significant difference between the mean scores of two age groups on death anxiety. Discussion: From the results obtained in the present study it is found that there is a significant difference between social support of lung cancer patients and normal person. The study clearly portrays that the cancer patients receive more social support more than normal persons. These people require someone to sit with them, listen to their expression of feeling and thoughts. Weismen and wortman (1975) found that emotional support was helpful when it came from family members and they also found that social support at the time of diagnosis was associated with less emotional distress and longer duration of life. Moreover, sharing cancer experiences with other group members has positive effects, as participating in the group helps to develop effective coping strategies and improves emotional adaptation (Spiegel, 1981). Till the twentieth century, most patients with cancer were cared for by their families. By the 1930, cancer began to receive wider attention from the medical research community and soon several national cancer society’s by professionals came into existence. In the US, training of social workers for assistance of patients with cancer provided the first professional discipline devoted to the care of the psychosocial issues of patients with cancer. It is also found that there is no significant difference between social support of 31 to 40 years and 41 to 50 years lung cancer patients. There is significant difference between death anxiety of lung cancer patients and normal parsons. Tolor(1989) see the relationship between subjective life expectancy, death anxiety and general anxiety patients with cancer experience the approaching of death , which the intensity of suffering cancer carries the threat of death and during the stage in which they may be approaching their last days. Age difference on death anxiety found that 31 to 40 year’s lung cancer patients significantly high death anxiety than 41 to 50 year’s lung cancer patients. Thorson and Powel, (1998) emphasized age difference in death Anxiety. Study conducted in elder and younger women diagnosed with breast cancer to know the effect of age difference on death anxiety found that younger women had significantly high death anxiety. The element of death anxiety was of principal concern to the younger women. On the whole, the studies suggest that death anxiety is related to age, state of illness, and other affective components such as anxiety and depression, fear of being separated from significant others indicating the possible existence of an affective network related to death anxiety. REFERENCES Adelbratt, S., Strang. (2000). Death anxiety in brain tumor patients and their spouse.Palliative Medicine.14(6), 499-507.Retrieved from:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/. Aymans P, Filipp SH, Klauer T (1995), Family Support and Coping with Cancer:Some determinants and adaptive correlates. Special Issue: Psychology and Health,British fournalofSocial Psychology,34(1),107-124. Blanchard CG,Albrecht TL, Ruckdeschel J.C, et a1 (1995), The role of social support in adaptation to cancer and to survival. Special issue: Psychosocial Resources Available in Cancer Studies: Conceptual and Measurement Issues.10urnal of Psychosocial Oncology13(1-3):75-95. Bloom JR(1982), Social Support, Accommodation to Stress and Compas BE, Worsham NL, EyS,and Howell DC(1996),When Mom or Dad has Cancer:II. Coping, Cognitive Appraisals, and Psychological Distress in Children of Cancer Patients. Journal of Health Psychology,15(3:167–175. Gurowka KJ, and ES (1995), Supportive and Unsupportive Interactions as perceived by Cancer Patients. Social Work in Health Care, 21(4);71–88. Henrichs MH and Schmale AH (1993) Principles of Psvchosocial Oncology. In-Cancer:Principles and practice of Oncologv. ~ditedby De Vita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg. 4h edition, Phladelphia: J.B. Lippincott. Houston SJ and Kendall JA (1992), Psychosocial Implications of Lung Cancer.Nurses Clinics ofNorth America,27(3):681–690. Katz ER and VarniJW(1993), Social Support and Social Cognitive Problem-Solving in Children with Newlv diagnosed Cancer.CANCERSupplement, 71 (10):3314–3319. Klemm PR (1994), Variables Influencing Psychosocial Adjustment in Lung Cancer: A Prelinlinary Study.Oncology Nursing Forum,21(6):1059–1062. Mor V, Allen S, and Malin M (1994), The Psvchosocial Jmpact of Cancer on Older Vs Younger Patients and their ~amiiiesC.ancer Supplement,74(7): 2118-2126. Nelles WB, McCaffrey RJ, Blanchard CG, and Ruckdeschel JC (1991), Social Supports and Breast Cancer: A Review.oztrnal of PsychosocialOncology,9(2). Rose JH (1990), Social Support and Cancer: Adult patients desire for support from family, friends and health professionals.American Iournal ofConzmunity Psychology,18(3):439–436. Thoits PA(1986),Social support as coping assistance.]ournu1 of Consulting Clinical Psychology,54;416–423. Wortman C and Conway TL(1985),The role of social support in adaptation and recovery from physical illness. In Social Support and Health (edited by C:hen S and Syme L)(281302),Orlando,FL:Academic Press
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Modernism In Works of T.S. Elliot And James Joyce Essay -- Literature
Introduction: Modernism is a word that is generally used to understand "new and distinctive features in the subjects, forms, concepts and styles of literature and the other arts in the early decades of the present century, but especially after World War I." (Abrams 167) More often than not "Modernism" engages in "deliberate and radical break" (Abrams 167) with some of the more traditional foundation of art and culture. Peter Childs in his book Modernism remarks "Modernism has almost universally been considered a literature of not just change but crisis" (p. 14, Unit Reader p. 12). This essay will discuss and assess the value of this statement through the parts of the poem "The Waste Land" as well as "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" both of which were written by eminent poet T.S. Eliot and a short story from "Dubliners" named "Eveline" by James Joyece. Both the Poems and the short story in some way celebrate the practical and existent picture of life and culture and the changes with in them. This essay will firstly discuss the poem "The Waste Land" secondly it will discuss "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" thirdly the short story "Eveline" from the "Dubliners" and lastly it will discuss the how the discussions have helped to extend the understanding of the concept of Modernism. The Waste Land Section I: "The Burial of the Dead": This section of the "Waste Land" can be distinguished as a modified dramatic monolog. The four speakers in this part, who are very much frustrated by out side circumstances (a change and crisis) like war, are in dire need of speaking their hearts out but find themselves surrounded by dead people. The poem uses a partial rhyme scheme. The inclusion of language other than English make... ...through made her transform in a different way. Everything for her changes even after her discission to stay in Dublin. Modernism is a very different form of literature than those which were written before the First World War. Through the poems by T.S. Eliot and the short story by James Joyce one thing was evident; the impact of war was the biggest motivation behind all three pieces of writing. Another thing that was apparent was the fact that people were more concern about their individuality at that time which became prominent in the writings as well. Modernism began in a time where the war had shattered both the exterior and the interior of European culture and people embarked on thinking differently and new forms of realisations were embarking. These new realisations and ideas were channelled through different forms of literature and art and formed Modernism.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
Pros and Cons of High Fructose Corn Syrup Essay -- Artificial Sweetene
High-Fructose Corn Syrup Abstract: High-fructose corn syrup is a commonly used artificial sweetener in foods. High-fructose corn syrup is a hydrolyzed version of ordinary corn syrup, which is produced via a steeping process. It is so widely used because it is both economically favorable and it helps to preserve food for extended periods of time. However, the drawbacks of high-fructose corn syrup include issues like potential obesity, diabetes, loss of liver function, malnutrition, and cancer. The fact that the producers of high-fructose corn syrup can deceive people that HFCS is harmless makes matters worse. High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is an artificial sweetener commonly used in the United States. As its name implies, this sweetener is derived from agricultural corn. All high fructose corn syrups are corn syrups whose fructose content has been increased via enzymatic processes and then mixed with pure corn syrup. There are several different formulations of high-fructose corn syrup. The product sold in the United States (HFCS #2) has the following composition: moisture, 29%; dry substance, 71% D.S.; dextrose, 50% D.S.; ash, 0.03 D.S.; and nitrogen, 0.002% D.S. The amounts of dextrose, fructose, and other saccharides may vary slightly in HFCS #3, but the analysis is fairly consistent. HFCS #1 hasn’t been commercially sold specifically for consumer consumption in the U.S. for many years. Instead, it is used by food producers in their products. 2 The process by which high fructose corn syrup is made is complicated. To start, ordinary corn syrup must be obtained. Then, enzymatic processes increase its original sweetness. To produce the basic un-enhanced corn syrup, wet milling is a commonly used technique. Wet-milling includ... ...Jones. 2006. 24 July 2008. . Forristal, Linda. â€Å"The Murky World of High-Fructose Corn Syrup.†Westonaprice.org. Ed. Linda Forristal. 2003. 24 July 2008. . Inglett, George E. Symposium: Sweeteners. Westport, Connecticut: The Avi Publishing Company, Inc., 1974. HFCSFacts.com. 2008. The Corn Refiners Association. 25 July 2008. Steindom, Joel. â€Å"My Food Manifesto, Part One: The Bad News.†Steidom.com. Ed. Joel Steindom, Heather Steindom. 2007. 24 July 2008. . National Academy of Sciences (U.S.). Sweeteners: Issues and Uncertainties. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences, 1975. Lachmann, Alfred. Starches and Corn Syrups. New Jersey: Noyes Data Corporation., 1970.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Determination of Interest Rates Essay
Interest rates are the payments one makes to another as the cost of borrowing funds. Interest rates should be equal to different borrowers under the same prevailing economic conditions. Various factors come into play to determine the interest rate to be paid by a borrower. This paper explores the factors used in determining the prevailing interest rates. Among the factors used to determine interest rates are credit quality, local and world economic and political conditions (Lando 143). In addition, the demand and supply of funds also determine the interest rates set on borrowings. The borrower always has a feeling that the interests charged are the best deal and that better returns will accrue from the funds borrowed. In the same manner, the lender should also feel the interest charged would have the best returns. Credit quality refers to the capability of investors to pay under a given economic situation. Interest rates are charged in direct proportionality to credit quality (Singleton et al 56). Big businesses and government can easily pay for the loans borrowed plus the interests charged. An investor may also compare the opportunity cost of money over a given period. The economic condition may be in a state of either inflation or deflation, forcing the lender to consider the opportunity cost of funds over a given period. An increase in inflation rate results in an increased rate since the expected inflation rate is also accounted for in the rates set (Sullivan et al 505-506). For instance, if in a situation without inflation, the interest rate is 4%, then this becomes 7% if the inflation rate is 3%. The declining value of collateral due to inflation may affect a borrower’s ability to pay. This will increase the risks associated with the repayment ability of the borrower. The higher risks are therefore included in the interest rate charged. Political subsidies by governments also influence interest rates. Governments can lower the interest rates on borrowers by subsidizing certain loans such as college student loans, public housing loans, and other public work program loans. Conclusion Interest rates, the excess on a borrowed money paid to the lender by the borrower, is determined by many factors. The main factor is the prevailing economic conditions. These could be inflation or deflation. The government may also subsidize certain type of borrowers to motivate them to borrow. The ability of the borrower to pay, the credit quality, is also a vital determinant of interest rates.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Major trends in corrections Essay
Functions of photography in police investigation: It can be to heal- using of photography, the investigator solved the crime by examining the photograph and identify who is the perpetrator. It can be to inform It can be to record- to record the crime scene itself and to record the evidence. It can be to influence It can be to entertain It can be to transform It can be to preserve- to preserve all the evidence that captured in the crime scene. Even though the crime scene is cleaned there are the photographs to be examined. It can be to decorate It can be to use- used in examining crime scene. And it is used as evidence. It can be to play 2010: The year of the correctional officerIn a year of tightened budges, officer furloughs, and increased media attention, officers stood strong.| By Barry EvertEvery year I am asked to write about the year prior. Quite honestly, I rarely agree to this because it usually has little training value. This year, though, I have made the exception. 2010 was a lot of things to a lot of people. Overall, probably, it was a rough year for most reading this. 2010 was not the year of the dragon, or the year of the dog; it was the year of the Correctional Officer.Budget cuts was the song sung from high at almost every capitol building in the country. Politicians proudly paraded themselves as the saviors of the economy as they slashed public safety budgets to new lows. At the same time new spending programs were put into place for everything from the protection of tree frogs to building bridges to nowhere. At the bottom of this pile was corrections. Many police agencies were able to scream loudly enough to get enough funding to keep their departments running, albeit barely. When Corrections agencies made the same call, we were largely ignored. Many states implemented a â€Å"furlough†program, or something similar, that cut the salaries of the lowest paid employees. On top of this, training was cut to an all time low, while the hiring of new officers was frozen. Simple math tells us that it was also time for a whole generation of officers to retire. They have yet to be replaced, so mandatory overtime is the norm. During the build-up of the popularity of crack cocaine in the early 80’s, crime rose to an all time high. Incarceration rates shot through the roof at the same time. This, along with tougher sentencing laws, led to a wave of prison building and hiring. By the early 90’s, most departments had outgrown themselves, and were desperately hiring as many people as they could. Those officers are now due to retire. Few states took this into consideration, so as we entered this year under budget cuts, we were expected to do more with less  much less.So was 2010 a loss? Not exactly. Through all of this, the community has learned an important lesson if they choose to look. In almost any other profession, these reductions in pay, along with an increase in danger at the working environment, would have led to catastrophic work stoppages, or large scale protests. But no one walked away from their duties. No one went on strike. And to the best of my knowledge, there were only a few small scale protests by officers. At the end of the day, feeling underappreciated and underpaid, correctional officers punch the clock after protecting society from those they have incarcerated. With many of the resources cut or gone, we went about our business and did our job. Yes, some mistakes were made. Many were due to a lack of resources or just plain tired officers making mistakes. With fewer resources in place, and with less staff, the average officer worked even harder than usual, and did so at a discounted salary.No walk-outs, no â€Å"blue flu,†no rebellion. I would never have expected less from us as a group, but others are starting to take note. People who have never dealt with corrections are starting to understand our predicament. It was not because we sat on the floor and threw a temper tantrum about our working conditions, but it was through our continued dedication to the safety of the public, regardless of what was thrown at us, that people are starting to take note of us. 2010 was the year of the Correctional Professional. I have never been prouder to be part of a group of people than I am today. I realized this about 6 months ago when I overheard several officers talking. The officers were discussing a major union conference that had just taken place. During this conference, the possibility of striking had come up. It was decided at this conference that the membership of this union could vote to strike if they felt it necessary. The officers were discussing the possibility of a strike. By the time the 5 minute conversation was over, all of the officers walked away agreeing that there was no way they would ever strike, even if it was legal to do so. The reasons ranged from not wanting to leave their brothers and sisters behind, to feeling that they were officers first, union members second. Do you think this conversation would have been the same had it been on the floor of a factory?This sentiment quickly spread throughout the state, and it was made clear to this union that striking is not now, and never will be an option; it would be better to resign. This came out of the mouths of officers who, like me, had suffered a 15% pay reduction, an increase in their medical payments, and an increase in retirement contributions. Many officers have lost their homes, or have had members in their family, or themselves, take on another job. Through it all they are still dedicated.This is why this has been the year of the Correctional Officer. Although this has been a tough year, and things are not looking any better for next year, people on the outside are getting to see us for who we really are. How many times have we said: â€Å"If people only knew what we went through.†The people are listening, so speak wisely and keep your head up. Don’t ever forget why you wear that uniform, and continue to be the proud, dedicated officers we know you can be.So I raise my glass as we pass through the last part of this year, to all of those we lost this year. To all of our brothers and sisters who have made the ultimate sacrifice: You are not forgotten. To all of us who continue to protect, I say: Bravo! The people are finally starting to listen. Make sure you are saying the right things.Be safe out there folks, and party sanely.
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